{"id":2519,"date":"2022-08-29T05:00:00","date_gmt":"2022-08-28T21:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ehs-edu.com\/?p=2519"},"modified":"2022-08-17T15:05:49","modified_gmt":"2022-08-17T07:05:49","slug":"%e4%ba%8c%e7%94%b2%e5%9f%ba%e6%b1%9e%e6%9c%89%e5%a4%9a%e6%81%90%e6%80%96%ef%bc%9f%e5%8d%b3%e4%bd%bf%e9%9a%94%e7%9d%80%e6%89%8b%e5%a5%97%e6%8e%a5%e8%a7%a6%ef%bc%8c%e4%b9%9f%e4%bc%9a%e4%b8%ad","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/ehs-edu.com\/2519.html","title":{"rendered":"\u4e8c\u7532\u57fa\u6c5e\u201d\u6709\u591a\u6050\u6016\uff1f\u5373\u4f7f\u9694\u7740\u624b\u5957\u63a5\u89e6\uff0c\u4e5f\u4f1a\u4e2d\u6bd2\u8eab\u4ea1\uff1f"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>\u5982\u679c25\u5e74\u524d\uff0c\u90a3\u4e00\u6ef4\u547d\u8fd0\u7684\u201c\u6bd2\u9152\u201d\u6ca1\u6709\u964d\u843d\u5728\u51ef\u4f26\u00b7\u7ef4\u7279\u54c8\u6069\uff08Karen Wetterhahn\uff09\u7684\u4e16\u754c\u91cc\uff0c\u4e5f\u8bb8\u73b0\u5728\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u6b63\u5728\u8bfb\u7740\u5e86\u795d\u5979\u8363\u4f11\u7684\u6587\u7ae0\uff0c\u5e76\u4e3a\u8fd9\u4f4d\u91d1\u5c5e\u6bd2\u6027\u7814\u7a76\u5148\u9a71\u6240\u53d6\u5f97\u7684\u6210\u679c\u800c\u559d\u5f69\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u5207\u90fd\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u53d1\u751f\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/p7.itc.cn\/q_70\/images03\/20220705\/45a87de9bc8e452f998eb8323e8e18b4.jpeg\" alt=\"\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u51ef\u4f26\u00b7\u7ef4\u7279\u54c8\u6069<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u56fe\u6e90\uff1aDartmouth College Photographer<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Courtesy of Dartmouth College 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class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/p2.itc.cn\/q_70\/images03\/20220705\/12ff94204fa14d8d9f0b612f914864ac.jpeg\" alt=\"\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5267\u6bd2\u4e8c\u7532\u57fa\u6c5e<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u56fe\u6e90\uff1aJoseph Mehling\/Dartmouth College Photographer\/<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Courtesy of Dartmouth College 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V. 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Bridges\uff09\u5ba1\u67e5\u4e86\u8fd9\u8d77\u4e8b\u6545\u7684\u62a5\u544a\u540e\u8868\u793a\uff1a\u201c\u6211\u770b\u4e0d\u5230\u4efb\u4f55\u5b9e\u9645\u8bc1\u636e\uff0c\u4ec5\u4ec5\u56e0\u51e0\u6ef4\u7269\u8d28\u5c31\u80fd\u5bfc\u81f4\u7ef4\u7279\u54c8\u6069\u7684\u6b7b\u4ea1\u3002\u5982\u679c\u786e\u5b9e\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u4e8c\u7532\u57fa\u6c5e\u7684\u6781\u7aef\u6bd2\u6027\u786e\u5b9e\u4ee4\u4eba\u60ca\u8bb6\u3002\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u76ee\u524d\uff0c\u4eba\u4eec\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4e8c\u7532\u57fa\u6c5e\u7684\u6bd2\u6027\u4ecd\u7136\u77e5\u4e4b\u751a\u5c11\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a\uff0c\u7ef4\u7279\u54c8\u6069\u7684\u6b7b\u4ea1\u662f\u79d1\u5b66\u6587\u732e\u4e2d\u4ec5\u6709\u7684\u56db\u4f8b\u6b7b\u4ea1\u75c5\u4f8b\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u6ca1\u6709\u8db3\u591f\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u548c\u6570\u636e\u652f\u6301\u5c31\u5f88\u96be\u5bf9\u5176\u6bd2\u6027\u5c55\u5f00\u6df1\u5165\u7814\u7a76\u3002\u5e03\u91cc\u5947\u65af\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u9274\u4e8e\u8fd9\u79cd\u7269\u8d28\u7684\u5371\u9669\u6027\uff0c\u672a\u6765\u4e5f\u4e0d\u592a\u53ef\u80fd\u6709\u673a\u4f1a\u7814\u7a76\u5b83\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5373\u4fbf\u662f\u5728\u52a8\u7269\u8eab\u4e0a\u8fdb\u884c\u8bd5\u9a8c\u4e5f\u662f\u4e0d\u9053\u5fb7\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7ef4\u7279\u54c8\u6069\u6b7b\u4ea1\u65f6\uff0c\u8c03\u67e5\u4eba\u5458\u91c7\u53d6\u63aa\u65bd\u6392\u9664\u4e86\u5979\u63a5\u89e6\u6c5e\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u3002\u5979\u7684\u5bb6\u4eba\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u7814\u7a76\u6210\u5458\u63a5\u53d7\u4e86\u6c5e\u68c0\u6d4b\u540e\uff0c\u7ed3\u679c\u5747\u5728\u6b63\u5e38\u8303\u56f4\u5185\u3002\u5728\u5979\u7684\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u91cc\u552f\u4e00\u80fd\u68c0\u6d4b\u5230\u6c5e\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u5c31\u662f\u5979\u6240\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u901a\u98ce\u7f69\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u8c03\u67e5\u4eba\u5458\u8fd8\u5728\u5979\u7684\u5934\u53d1\u6837\u672c\u4e2d\u53d1\u73b0\u4e86\u5927\u91cf\u6c5e\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u4e0e\u5979\u81ea\u8ff0\u66b4\u9732\u53f2\u65f6\u95f4\u76f8\u5bf9\u5e94\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u7f13\u6162\u4e0b\u964d\u3002\u8fd9\u4e5f\u5370\u8bc1\u4e86\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u4e8b\u6545\u662f\u5bfc\u81f4\u5979\u6c5e\u4e2d\u6bd2\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u7684\u8bf4\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u5b89\u5168<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7ef4\u7279\u54c8\u6069\u4e4b\u6b7b\u8ba9\u5f88\u591a\u5316\u5b66\u5bb6\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e5f\u8bb8\u5e76\u4e0d\u5b8c\u5168\u4e86\u89e3\u65e5\u5e38\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u67d0\u4e9b\u5316\u5b66\u54c1\u7684\u6bd2\u6027\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u5b8c\u5168\u4e86\u89e3\u5728\u4f7f\u7528\u5b83\u4eec\u65f6\u9700\u8981\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u7a0b\u5e8f\u548c\u4fdd\u62a4\u8bbe\u5907\u3002\u91cd\u89c6\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u5b89\u5168\uff0c\u662f\u7ef4\u7279\u54c8\u6069\u7528\u751f\u547d\u6362\u6765\u7684\u7ecf\u9a8c\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u4e3a\u540e\u6765\u4eba\u7559\u4e0b\u7684\u6700\u5b9d\u8d35\u8d22\u5bcc\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/p4.itc.cn\/q_70\/images03\/20220705\/58db13a7b0bc4799bf91c9c660f22bfe.jpeg\" alt=\"\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7ef4\u7279\u54c8\u6069\u4e4b\u6b7b\u8ba9\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c\u5728\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u4f7f\u7528\u4e8c\u7532\u57fa\u6c5e\u65f6\u9700\u8981\u5728\u5c42\u538b\u5851\u6599\u624b\u5957\u5916\u6234\u4e0a\u6c2f\u4e01\u6a61\u80f6\u624b\u5957<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u56fe\u6e90\uff1aJoseph Mehling\/Dartmouth College Photographer\/<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Courtesy of Dartmouth College Library<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4e8b\u6545\u53d1\u751f\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u5316\u5b66\u54c1\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u7684\u8bf4\u660e\u6765\u81ea\u4e8e\u5316\u5b66\u54c1\u5236\u9020\u5546\u548c\u4f9b\u5e94\u5546\u6240\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6570\u636e\u8868\uff0c\u5176\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e86\u5305\u62ec\u5316\u5b66\u54c1\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u7279\u6027\u3001\u5371\u9669\u6027\u4ee5\u53ca\u5904\u7406\u65f6\u5e94\u91c7\u53d6\u7684\u9884\u9632\u63aa\u65bd\u7b49\u5185\u5bb9\u3002\u6839\u636e\u8c03\u67e5\u62a5\u544a\uff0c\u7ef4\u7279\u54c8\u6069\u5f53\u65f6\u624b\u8fb9\u6709\u4e09\u4efd\u4e8c\u7532\u57fa\u6c5e\u6750\u6599\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6570\u636e\u8868\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u4e2a\u5efa\u8bae\u6234\u6a61\u80f6\u624b\u5957\uff0c\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u5efa\u8bae\u6234\u5316\u5b66\u54c1\u4e13\u4e1a\u624b\u5957\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e09\u4e2a\u5efa\u8bae\u6234\u6c2f\u4e01\u6a61\u80f6\u624b\u5957\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7ef4\u7279\u54c8\u6069\u5728\u4e8b\u6545\u53d1\u751f\u65f6\u6234\u7740\u7684\u662f\u4e73\u80f6\u624b\u5957\u3002&nbsp;<strong>\u548c\u4e73\u80f6\u7c7b\u6a61\u80f6\u5206\u5b50\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u4e8c\u7532\u57fa\u6c5e\u662f\u975e\u6781\u6027\u7684\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8f7b\u6613\u5730\u7a7f\u900f\u624b\u5957\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u901f\u5ea6\u5feb\u5230\u96be\u4ee5\u60f3\u8c61\u3002<\/strong>\u6839\u636e\u6d4b\u8bd5\u663e\u793a\uff0c\u5728\u4e0d\u523020\u79d2\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u5185\uff0c\u4e8c\u7532\u57fa\u6c5e\u6e17\u900f\u5230\u6240\u6709\u53c2\u4e0e\u8bd5\u9a8c\u7684\u54c1\u724c\u4e73\u80f6\u624b\u5957\u4e2d\uff0c\u5927\u591a\u6570\u7528\u4e0d\u4e8615\u79d2\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u3002\u751a\u81f3\u6c2f\u4e01\u6a61\u80f6\u624b\u5957\u4e5f\u4ec5\u4ec5\u80fd\u963b\u6321\u5b83\u5927\u7ea610\u5206\u949f\u65f6\u95f4\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458\u5efa\u8bae\uff0c\u53ef\u9760\u7684\u9632\u62a4\u8bbe\u5907\u5e94\u8be5\u662f\u81f3\u5c11\u5728\u5c42\u538b\u5851\u6599\u624b\u5957\u5916\uff0c\u518d\u5957\u4e00\u5c42\u6c2f\u4e01\u6a61\u80f6\u624b\u5957\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5728\u533b\u9662\u7684\u75c5\u5e8a\u4e0a\uff0c\u867d\u7136\u8eab\u53d7\u6c5e\u4e2d\u6bd2\u75c7\u72b6\u7684\u6298\u78e8\u800c\u5931\u53bb\u4e86\u884c\u52a8\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u7ef4\u7279\u54c8\u6069\u4ecd\u7136\u60e6\u8bb0\u7740\u56e2\u961f\u6210\u5458\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u548c\u8fd9\u8d77\u4e8b\u6545\u7684\u7ecf\u9a8c\u6559\u8bad\u3002\u5979\u5e0c\u671b\u5316\u5b66\u754c\u90fd\u80fd\u77e5\u9053\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u60e8\u75db\u7ecf\u5386\uff0c\u4e3a\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u5b89\u5168\u6572\u54cd\u8b66\u949f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4e3a\u6b64\uff0c\u5979\u7684\u56e2\u961f\u6210\u5458\u7528\u4e00\u5c01\u4fe1\u5728\u671f\u520a\u4e0a\u516c\u5f00\u4e86\u8fd9\u8d77\u4e8b\u6545\u548c\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u5e76\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u6a61\u80f6\u624b\u5957\u5728\u5904\u7406\u70f7\u57fa\u6c5e\u5316\u5408\u7269\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u9690\u60a3\u3002\u4fe1\u4e2d\u5f3a\u70c8\u9f13\u52b1\u6240\u6709\u4f7f\u7528\u6b64\u7c7b\u5316\u5408\u7269\u7684\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u5bf9\u73b0\u6709\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u5b9e\u8df5\u548c\u9884\u9632\u63aa\u65bd\u8fdb\u884c\u91cd\u65b0\u8bc4\u4f30\uff0c\u5e76\u6566\u4fc3\u5b66\u754c\u627e\u5230\u4e00\u79cd\u66f4\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u6807\u51c6\u5316\u5408\u7269\u6765\u66ff\u4ee3\u4e8c\u7532\u57fa\u6c5e\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5bc6\u6b47\u6839\u5dde\u7acb\u5927\u5b66\u7684O&amp;aposHalloran\u5c31\u662f\u8fd9\u6837\u505a\u7684\u3002\u5f53\u65f6\uff0c\u4ed6\u548c\u7814\u7a76\u56e2\u961f\u6b63\u5728\u5c1d\u8bd5\u4f7f\u7528\u9ad8\u6c2f\u9178\u6c5e\u76d0\u6765\u5efa\u7acb\u65b0\u7684\u6c5e\u6807\u51c6\uff0c\u5e76\u7f16\u5199\u4e86\u7528\u9ad8\u6c2f\u9178\u6c5e\u4ee3\u66ff\u4e8c\u7532\u57fa\u6c5e\u6821\u51c6\u6838\u78c1\u5171\u632f\u5149\u8c31\u4eea\u7684\u65b0\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002\u4ed6\u6240\u5728\u7684\u56e2\u961f\u53d1\u8868\u4e86\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u6c34\u94f6\u6838\u78c1\u5171\u632f\u8bba\u6587\uff0c\u6765\u786e\u4fdd\u4e0d\u518d\u53d1\u751f\u7c7b\u4f3c\u60e8\u5267\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u56e0\u4e3a\u8fd9\u8d77\u4e8b\u6545\uff0c\u8fbe\u7279\u8305\u65af\u5927\u5b66\u6700\u7ec8\u88ab\u7f8e\u56fd\u804c\u4e1a\u5b89\u5168\u4e0e\u5065\u5eb7\u7ba1\u7406\u5c40\uff08OSHA\uff09\u7f5a\u6b3e9000\u7f8e\u5143\u3002\u5b66\u9662\u88ab\u8981\u6c42\u8058\u8bf7\u65b0\u7684\u5316\u5b66\u5b89\u5168\u5b98\u5458\uff0c\u5e76\u4fee\u6539\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u5b89\u5168\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002\u66f4\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u662f\uff0c1998\u5e74\uff0cOSHA\u6b63\u5f0f\u53d1\u5e03\u516c\u544a\uff0c\u5efa\u8bae\u5316\u5b66\u5bb6\u4f7f\u7528\u66ff\u4ee3\u7684\u6c5e\u6838\u78c1\u5171\u632f\u6807\u51c6\uff0c\u91cd\u7533\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u624b\u5957\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u91cd\u8981\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u7559\u7ed9\u4e16\u4eba\u7684\u5b9d\u8d35\u9057\u4ea7<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u5373\u4f7f\u5982\u6d41\u661f\u4e00\u822c\u77ed\u6682\u5212\u8fc7\uff0c\u7ef4\u7279\u54c8\u6069\u4e5f\u662f\u4e16\u6240\u516c\u8ba4\u7684\u91d1\u5c5e\u6bd2\u7406\u5b66\u9886\u57df\u7684\u4f7c\u4f7c\u8005\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002<\/strong>\u5979\u6240\u7559\u4e0b\u7684\u4e0d\u4ec5\u662f\u201c\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